The Moral Donut is my “model” of morality. It assigns levels of concern for certain groups of people, or “rings”. I call it the moral donut a) because of the fact that they are rings and b) for fun.
The model illustrates a few key principles of living in a society.
It is important to act morally, even from a selfish perspective. The model emphasizes a “selfish” perspective on morality, in that everything is done for the benefit of the individual. But other people are not separate from the individual's perspective of the world. Living a good life requires mastery of all of the circumstances within it, including your relationship with others.
More effort should be spent on actions that will do more good. More good can generally done for those closer to you. Therefore, most effort should be spent on those closer to you.